الأضحية واجبة على كل حر مسلم مقيم موسر في يوم الأضحى، والموسر من له نصاب أو قيمته فاضلا عن حوائجه الأصلية.

🌍 English: Qurbani (Udhiyah) is obligatory upon every sane, mature, resident Muslim who possesses wealth — over and above their basic necessities — equal to the Nisab on which Zakat becomes due (approximately the value of 612.36 grams of silver). The Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever has the means and does not offer a sacrifice, let him not come near our place of prayer." This stern warning underlines how strongly Qurbani is emphasized for those who can afford it.

🌍 English: Qurbani is not obligatory upon a traveler (Musafir), because the obligations and hardships of travel exempt them. However, if a traveler chooses to perform Qurbani voluntarily, they will be rewarded for it. The exemption is a concession (rukhsah), not a prohibition.

🌍 English: If a woman owns wealth equal to the Nisab, Qurbani is obligatory upon her independently — even if her husband is performing his own separate Qurbani. The obligation falls on every free, sane, adult Muslim who meets the wealth threshold, whether male or female. A wife's Qurbani is not covered by her husband's sacrifice.

🌍 English: Qurbani is not obligatory on behalf of minor children, even if they own wealth, because Qurbani is an act of worship and a minor is not bound by such obligations. However, a parent or guardian may voluntarily perform a Qurbani on behalf of their children (Nafl Qurbani), and this is a rewardable act.

أهل القرى يجوز لهم الذبح بعد طلوع الفجر الثاني، لعدم اشتراط الصلاة في حقهم.

🌍 English: The time for Qurbani begins after the Eid prayer on the 10th of Zul Hijjah and extends until sunset on the 12th of Zul Hijjah. In urban areas (where the Eid prayer is held), slaughtering before the Eid prayer is invalid and must be repeated — the Prophet ﷺ said whoever slaughters before the prayer has only slaughtered for himself. In villages or places where no Eid prayer is held, residents may perform Qurbani after the break of true dawn (Fajr).

(a) 🐐 Bakra / Bakri (Goat)

(b) 🐑 Bhed / Dumba (Sheep / Ram)

(c) 🐄 Gaay (Cow)

(d) 🐃 Bhains (Buffalo)

(e) 🐪 Oont (Camel)

وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ جَعَلْنَا مَنسَكًا لِّيَذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَىٰ مَا رَزَقَهُم مِّن بَهِيمَةِ الْأَنْعَامِ (الحج ٣٤)

🌍 English: Qurbani may only be performed with specific livestock animals: goat, sheep/ram, cow, buffalo, and camel. The Quran refers to these as "Baheemat al-An'am" (grazing livestock). Allah states that He has prescribed a method of sacrifice for every nation, so they may mention His name over the livestock He has provided. Other animals (such as chickens, deer, or wild game) do not fulfill the Qurbani obligation.

🌍 English: One goat or sheep suffices for a single person only. However, a cow, buffalo, or camel can be shared among up to seven people — meaning seven individuals may jointly participate in the sacrifice of one large animal. The Companion Jabir (RA) reported that during the year of Hudaybiyyah, they sacrificed a camel for seven and a cow for seven alongside the Prophet ﷺ. Each share must be at least one-seventh; smaller fractions are not valid.

لَن يَنَالَ اللَّهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلَا دِمَاؤُهَا وَلَٰكِن يَنَالُهُ التَّقْوَىٰ مِنكُمْ (الحج ٣٧)

🌍 English: The true purpose of Qurbani is not merely to obtain meat, but to attain obedience to Allah and the consciousness of God (Taqwa). Allah states clearly: "Their meat will not reach Allah, nor will their blood, but what reaches Him is your piety (Taqwa)." The sacrifice is a symbol of devotion, sincerity, and willingness to give up what is dear — following the example of Prophet Ibrahim (AS). The spiritual intention behind the act is what holds value before Allah.

📋 Quick Summary — SR 1: Who Must Perform Qurbani?

📋 Quick Reference — Animals, Shares & Timing

🐐 Bakra / Bakri (Goat): Kam az kam 1 saal (12 mah) poora hona zaroori hai.

🐑 Bhed / Dumba (Sheep / Ram): Agar 6 mahine ka ho aur saal bhar ka lagta ho (matlab body ek saal ke qareeb mahsoos ho) to jaiz hai. Lekin agar 1 saal poora hojaye to behtar hai.

🐄 Gaay / 🐃 Bhains (Cow / Buffalo): Kam az kam 2 saal (24 mah) poora hona zaroori hai.

🐪 Oont (Camel): Kam az kam 5 saal (60 mah) poora hona zaroori hai.

المسنة: هي الداخلة في السنة الثانية من العمر (أي بعد إكمال السنة الأولى)۔

🌍 English: The Shariah specifies exact age requirements for each animal. A goat or sheep must be at least one year old. A young sheep (6 months old) is permissible only if it is large and appears to be close to one year old in body. A cow or buffalo must be at least two years old. A camel must be at least five years old. The Prophet ﷺ said: "Do not slaughter except a mature (Msinnah) animal. If you find it difficult, then slaughter a yearling from the sheep." An animal below the prescribed age cannot be offered as a sacrifice, regardless of its physical size or appearance.

الأعوار: المكفوفة العينين أو إحدى العينين بشكل ظاهر۔ العرج: عدم القدرة على المشي بشكل طبيعي۔ المريضة: التي تظهر عليها أعراض المرض۔

🌍 English: Four defects make an animal unacceptable for Qurbani: obvious blindness (in one or both eyes), obvious lameness (inability to walk normally), deafness or dumbness, and obvious sickness. The Prophet ﷺ made this explicitly clear. An animal must be free from any defect that would affect its meat quality or demonstrate poor health.

🌍 English: An animal that is blind in one eye (Al-Awar) with the blindness being obvious and apparent is not acceptable for Qurbani. The defect must be clearly visible. Minor blemishes that are not obvious or do not affect the animal's health (such as a small scar or slight discoloration not visible at a glance) do not disqualify an animal.

🌍 English: An animal that is severely emaciated, with bones lacking marrow (completely weakened), or showing obvious signs of illness is not acceptable for Qurbani. The animal must be in good health with adequate body condition.

🌍 English: An animal that is lame and cannot walk normally or is unable to stand on one of its legs is not acceptable. The animal must be able to walk normally and move without obvious difficulty. Slight, imperceptible limping that does not prevent normal movement may be overlooked, but obvious lameness disqualifies the animal.

🌍 English: An animal that has lost most of its teeth and is unable to graze properly is not acceptable for Qurbani, as the loss of teeth indicates age or poor health that compromises the animal's condition.

🌍 English: If an animal's horns are broken but the root remains intact and there is no discharge of blood from the site of fracture, the Qurbani is permissible. However, if blood flows from the root of the horn, the Qurbani is not valid.

🌍 English: An animal that is born without horns (naturally polled) is not defective and is acceptable for Qurbani. The defect is defined as something lost or broken, not as the natural absence of horns.

🌍 English: If a small portion of the ear or tail is cut off (less than one-third), the Qurbani is still valid. However, if one-third or more of the ear or tail is severed, the animal becomes defective and is not acceptable for Qurbani.

الإحسان: أن يُعطَى الحيوان حسن المعاملة قبل الذبح، وأن يُحدّ السكين ويكون الذبح سريعاً وبدون ألم غير ضروري.

• • Pani aur khana: Qurbani se pehle janwar ko achha khana aur pani dena chahiye.
• • Takleef se bachain: Janwar ko zibah karte hue takleef na den.
• • Tez chaku: Hamesha tez chaku use karen taake zibah ek hi jo se ho.
• • Jaldi zibah karna: Lambi takleef se bachain, jaldi aur saaf zibah karen.
• • Doosre janwaron se door: Zibah karte samay doosre janwaron ko dekhaaye nahi.

🌍 English: Good treatment (Ihsan) of the sacrificial animal is mandatory. The Prophet ﷺ said: "Allah has prescribed Ihsan (excellence) in everything. When you slaughter, do it beautifully." This means: (1) Feed and water the animal well before slaughter, (2) Handle it gently without causing unnecessary stress, (3) Use a sharp knife for a quick, clean cut that minimizes pain, (4) Do not let the animal see the knife or witness the slaughter of other animals, (5) Complete the slaughter swiftly. Kindness to animals is an Islamic obligation that reflects obedience to Allah.

📋 Quick Summary — SR 2: Age Requirements & Defects

📋 Critical Defects — Qurbani NOT Valid

لَن يَنَالَ اللَّهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلَا دِمَاؤُهَا وَلَٰكِن يَنَالُهُ التَّقْوَىٰ مِنكُمْ ۚ (الحج ٣٧)

🌍 English: The true purpose of Qurbani is obedience to Allah and the attainment of His pleasure (Taqwa). The meat does not reach Allah, nor the blood, but your piety reaches Him. Therefore, Qurbani must be performed with a sincere intention, free from showing off, ostentation, and the mere fulfillment of custom. The heart must be focused entirely on pleasing Allah.

تحديد الشفرة (السكين): یعنی اسے تیز کرنا تاکہ ایک ہی جھٹکے میں ذبیحہ ہوجائے۔

🌍 English: Before performing Qurbani, sharpen the knife thoroughly. The Prophet ﷺ said: "Allah has prescribed Ihsan (excellence) in everything. When you slaughter, do it beautifully. Let each of you sharpen his blade and grant his animal comfort." A sharp knife ensures a quick, clean cut that minimizes the animal's suffering. This is an act of mercy that is essential to the proper performance of Qurbani.

• • Janwar ko pyaar se salamat rakhna: Qurbani se pehle janwar ko thandi jagah deni chahiye aur pyaar se rakhna chahiye.
• • Jaldi zibah karna: Janwar ko samne walon se alag le kar tezi se zibah kar dena chahiye.
• • Kaan, dum ya andaza bagair dikhaaye: Janwar ko chot na pahunchaye.
• • Ek hi baar mein zibah karna: Takleef kam se kam ho.

🌍 English: It is strictly forbidden to cause pain to an animal before slaughter. Do not beat, drag, or torture the animal. Do not let it see the knife being sharpened. Do not allow other animals to witness the slaughter of one animal. Keep the animal calm and handle it gently. Islam teaches that mercy toward animals is an act of worship and a reflection of obedience to Allah. Any deliberate cruelty is sinful.

🌍 English: It is preferable (Mustahab) to position the animal facing the Qibla (direction of the Kaaba) when slaughtering. For camels, they are slaughtered while standing with one leg bound. For cows and sheep, they are laid on their left side to expose the right side of the neck. The person performing the slaughter should stand on the right side of the animal.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُمَّ مِنْكَ وَلَكَ۔

Tarjuma: "Allah ke naam ke saath, Allah sabse bada hai۔ Aye Allah! Ye teri taraf se hai aur tere hi liye hai۔"

🌍 English: When slaughtering, it is Sunnah to recite: "Bismillahi Allahu Akbar, Allahumma minka wa laka" (In the name of Allah, Allah is Greatest. O Allah, this is from You and for You). This invocation expresses the intention that the sacrifice is made solely for the pleasure of Allah. The Prophet ﷺ himself recited these words and proclaimed the Takbeer (Allahu Akbar) during his sacrifices.

🌍 English: It is mandatory to mention the name of Allah (Bismillah) at the time of slaughter. If done intentionally without mentioning Allah's name, the animal becomes Haram (forbidden) to eat, and the Qurbani is not fulfilled. However, if forgotten unintentionally, the animal remains Halal and the Qurbani is valid, because the person is excused for unintentional omission. The key difference is intention: deliberate omission nullifies; forgetfulness does not.

🌍 English: It is preferable (Afzal) and Sunnah to slaughter the animal with your own hands, provided you can do so correctly and mercifully. The Prophet ﷺ slaughtered his sacrificial animals with his own hands. This personal performance of the act deepens the connection to the worship and the sacrifice. However, if someone is unable to perform the slaughter themselves due to lack of skill or physical inability, they may appoint a representative (Wakil) to perform it on their behalf. There is no harm in doing so.

🌍 English: Appointing a representative to perform Qurbani in another country or through an online service is a valid form of agency (Wakalah). If someone is unable to perform Qurbani themselves and cannot access the necessary facilities, they may arrange for it to be done on their behalf through a trustworthy and reliable representative. The critical condition is that the representative must be trustworthy and the service must adhere to Shariah guidelines. One should verify that any online service or organization is legitimate and performs the slaughter according to Islamic principles.

• • Tez aur ek hi bar mein zibah karna: Takleef kam se kam rakhni chahiye۔
• • Jaldi zibah karna: Ghoor ghoor kar marne se bachain۔
• • Saaf cutting: Chhuri bilkul tez honi chahiye۔

🌍 English: For a valid Shariah-compliant slaughter (Dhabh), it is essential to sever most of the following four structures: the windpipe (Halkum), the foodpipe (Mari), and both the main neck arteries (Wadjain). At least three of these four must be cut to ensure proper and swift death. The cut must be swift and clean in one motion, and the knife must be extremely sharp to minimize suffering. Sawing motions or multiple cuts are not permissible and indicate poor technique.

❌ Eid ki namaz se pehle Qurbani karna: Eid ki namaz ke baad hi Qurbani karna sunnati tareeqa hai۔ Pehle kari hui Qurbani adaa nahi hoti۔

❌ Janwar ke saamne chhuri tez karna: Is se janwar ko takleef hoti hai aur ye makrooh hai۔

❌ Sirf gosht ki niyyat rakhna: Qurbani ibadat hai, sirf khane ke liye nahi۔ Niyyat Allah ke liye honi chahiye۔

❌ Takbeer na padhna ya Allah ka naam na lena: Is se Qurbani invalid ho jaayegi۔

❌ Janwar ko poori tarah thanda hone se pehle khal utarna: Khal tab utayen jab bilkul thanda ho jaye۔

❌ Qasai ko ujrat mein gosht dena: Qasai ko pehle se hi ujrat pay dena chahiye, na ke gosht mein se۔

❌ Video banane aur dikhaway mein mashghool rehna: Qurbani ibadat hai، is mein riyakari nahi honi chahiye۔ Ijhar (open doing) theek hai, dikhawa nahi۔

🌍 English: Common mistakes to avoid: (1) Slaughtering before the Eid prayer—invalid; (2) Sharpening the knife in front of the animal—causes stress; (3) Intending only for meat instead of worship—invalid intention; (4) Forgetting to mention Allah's name or the Takbeer—nullifies the Qurbani; (5) Removing the hide before the animal is fully cold—disrespectful to the animal; (6) Paying the butcher in meat instead of cash beforehand—violates proper payment; (7) Focusing on recording videos or showing off—transforms worship into ostentation. Qurbani is an act of worship performed for Allah's sake alone, requiring sincerity, proper intention, and adherence to the Sunnah.

📋 Quick Summary — SR 3: Method and Etiquette

📋 Critical Mistakes to Avoid

🏠 Ek hissa: Apne ghar (Khud aur parivaar) ke liye

👥 Ek hissa: Rishtedar, milon aur dostoon ke liye

🤝 Ek hissa: Ghareebon, miskeenon aur zarooratmandon ke liye

Tarjuma: "Is se khud bhi kha lo aur ghareebon ko bhi khila do۔"

🌍 English: The recommended (Mustahab) practice is to divide the meat into three portions: one for yourself and your family, one for relatives and friends, and one for the poor and needy. Allah says in the Quran: "So eat thereof and feed the poor who have no food" (Surah al-Hajj 28). This division is not obligatory but is strongly encouraged. You may keep more for yourself if circumstances require it, but sharing with the poor is the more virtuous and rewarded approach.

🌍 English: You are permitted to keep all the meat for yourself and your family if you wish. There is no restriction on this. However, it is more virtuous (Afzal) to share the meat with the poor and those in need. Giving to the needy combines the spiritual benefit of charity (Sadaqah) with kinship and compassion, and brings greater reward from Allah. The choice ultimately rests with you based on your circumstances and intentions.

Tarjuma: "Is se khud bhi kha lo, rishtedar ko bhi khila do aur zarooratmand gareeb ko bhi dedo۔"

• • Maa baap, bhai bahan, chachay, phuphones: Sab ko gosht dena afzal hai۔
• • Nazdiki padosi: Padosi ko bhi dena mustahab ہے، kyun ke Nabi ﷺ ne padosi ke hak ka khayal dilaaya ہے۔
• • Ghareebon ko dena: Sadqah ke ek behtar tareeqa ہے۔

🌍 English: Giving meat to relatives, neighbors, and the poor is highly encouraged and rewarding. When you give to relatives, you fulfill the obligation of maintaining family bonds (Silat al-Rahm), which is a deeply valued act in Islam. Neighbors also have special rights in Islam, and the poor benefit from charity. The Quranic instruction is to "eat thereof and feed the beggar and the needy" (Surah al-Hajj 28). This distribution reflects the comprehensive purpose of Qurbani: worship, gratitude, family bonds, and compassion.

🌍 English: It is permissible to give Qurbani meat to a non-Muslim, provided they are not from an enemy state or those with whom Muslims are at war. This is in accordance with the Hanafi school. In particular, giving meat to a non-Muslim neighbor or those in need is a beautiful practice of kind dealings (Ihsan) that fosters good relations and social harmony. The Prophet ﷺ emphasized good treatment of neighbors regardless of their religion, making this a practice aligned with Islamic ethics.

Tarjuma: "Nabi ﷺ ne kaha: Qurbani ke gosht se qasai ko ujrat mat dena. Balke naqad paisa dena chahiye ya kisi aur cheez se ujrat de do۔"

• • Pehle se hi naqad ujrat tay karni chahiye: Qasai ko Qurbani se pehle hi cash pay dena chahiye۔
• • Ya apne paas se khareed kar dena: Qurbani ke gosht se alag ujrat dena۔
• • Hadiye ke taur par dena: Agar naqad pay ke baad hadiye mein gosht de diya to jaiz hai۔

🌍 English: It is strictly forbidden (Haram) to pay the butcher with any portion of the sacrificial meat, skin, fat, or any part of the sacrifice. The Prophet ﷺ explicitly commanded: "Do not give the butcher anything from your sacrifice." Instead, you must pay the butcher in cash beforehand or from other sources. If you wish to give the butcher meat as a gift after paying him separately in cash, that is permissible. The key principle is that the Qurbani must be kept entirely separate from the butcher's payment.

🏠 Khud Istemal Karna: Khal ko khud use kar sakte ho (jooton, bags, namaaz ki jaae banane ke liye, etc.)۔

🎁 Hadiya Dena: Khal ko kisi ko hadiye mein de sakta hai۔

🤲 Sadqah Karna: Khal ko ghareebon aur Madrese ke liye sadqah kar sakta hai۔

🌍 English: The hide of the sacrificial animal belongs to you. You have three options: (1) Use it for yourself (for shoes, bags, prayer mats, etc.), (2) Give it as a gift to someone, or (3) Donate it as charity (Sadaqah) to the poor or Islamic institutions. However, it is strictly forbidden to sell the hide and keep the money for personal use. If you have already sold the hide, you must donate the proceeds as charity. The hide is part of the sacrifice and should not be treated as personal profit.

🌍 English: It is strictly prohibited to sell any of the meat from your sacrifice. The purpose of Qurbani is worship and charity, not profit. If someone has sold the meat, they must donate all the proceeds from the sale as charity. The money received cannot be kept for personal use—it must go entirely to the poor and needy. This rule emphasizes that the Qurbani is an act of devotion to Allah, not a commercial transaction.

Tarjuma: "Aisha (Razi Allah anha) ne kaha: Hazoor ﷺ ne teesre din poocha, 'Isko kyun rakh rahe ho?' To kaha, 'Ummahaat ne kaaha ke agle din ke liye rakhte hain taa ke aur logon ko bhi dee ja sake۔' To Nabi ﷺ ne ijazat de di۔"

• • Gosht ko khrab hone se bachana: Freezer gosht ko taza rakta ہے۔
• • Aaram se taqseem karna: Jab time mile to sadqah kar sakte ho۔
• • Zaroorat ke oras use karna: Mahineyon baad bhi khil ja sakta ہے۔

🌍 English: It is completely permissible to store the sacrificial meat in a freezer. Initially, scholars had discouraged prolonged storage, but the Prophet ﷺ later permitted it when Aisha (RA) explained that they were keeping it to share with others. The freezer is an excellent modern tool that allows you to preserve the meat without spoilage, distribute it gradually as you find recipients, and ensure it reaches those in need in fresh condition. You may store the meat for weeks or even months if necessary, as long as it is ultimately distributed and not wasted.

🌍 English: If you have made a vow (Nazar) to sacrifice an animal in fulfillment of a condition or promise to Allah, the meat of that vowed sacrifice must be entirely donated as charity to the poor. You cannot keep any of it for yourself, not even a small portion. This is a special ruling that differs from ordinary (Nafl) sacrifices where you may keep meat for your family. The difference is important: a vowed sacrifice is an obligation in response to Allah's fulfillment of your request, and all the meat becomes an obligatory charity (Sadaqah Wajibah).

• • Niyyat: Sirf Allah ke liye Qurbani کی jaaye۔
• • Taqseem: Ghareebon aur rishtedaron ko dena mustahab ہے۔
• • Qasai Ko Ujrat: Naqad se pehle dena, gosht se nahi۔
• • Khal: Sadqah ya apne istemal ke liye, bech kar paisa apne liye na rakhen۔
• • Gosht Beche: Haram ہے، sadqah karna zaroori ہے۔
• • Nazar Ki Qurbani: Poora sadqah۔

🌍 English: The essence of Qurbani extends beyond the slaughter into how the meat and hide are handled. Every action must reflect worship and charitable intention. Keep these principles in mind: (1) Your intention must be solely for Allah's pleasure, (2) distribute the meat to family, relatives, neighbors, and especially the poor, (3) pay the butcher in cash beforehand, not from the meat, (4) use the hide for yourself or donate it—never sell it for profit, (5) never sell the meat—always share or donate it, (6) if you made a vow, donate all the meat as obligatory charity. These teachings show that Qurbani is not merely a ritual of slaughter but a comprehensive act of worship that encompasses intention, sacrifice, mercy, charity, and community care.

📋 Quick Summary — SR 4: Meat & Hide Distribution

📋 Critical Rules — What is HARAM